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  • 7z壓縮軟件怎么用(免費解壓軟件推薦)


    7-Zip是一個支持7z(它實現了LZMA壓縮算法,具有非常高的壓縮比)、LZMA2、XZ、ZIP、Zip64、CAB、ARJ、GZIP、BZIP2、TAR、CPIO、RPM、ISO、大多數文件系統映像和DEB格式的文件歸檔器。RAR格式由于不是免費許可,已經被刪除了。

    環境

    • Centos7.7 Minimal
    • p7zip-16.02

    安裝

    默認Centos7沒有安裝p7zip安裝包,默認源里面也沒有這個安裝包,需要安裝epel源才能安裝p7zip安裝包。

    [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install epel-release
    [root@localhost ~]# yum -y install p7zip p7zip-plugins
    

    使用方法

    7z命令提供的函數字母與命令行選項類似,但使用時不使用-。這些參數字母告訴命令它需要執行的函數。

    壓縮文件

    創建一個壓縮包使用a參數

    創建一個7z格式的壓縮包:

    [root@localhost ~]# 7z a files.7z file1.txt file2.txt file3.txt file4.txt 
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive:
    4 files, 0 bytes
    
    Creating archive: files.7z
    
    Items to compress: 4
    
        
    Files read from disk: 0
    Archive size: 143 bytes (1 KiB)
    Everything is Ok
    

    執行完命令,查看一下是否已經創建7z格式的壓縮包

    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    創建一個包含目錄的壓縮包:

    [root@localhost ~]# 7z a gpg.7z .gnupg/
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive:
    2 folders, 5 files, 8280 bytes (9 KiB)
    
    Creating archive: gpg.7z
    
    Items to compress: 7
    
        
    Files read from disk: 2
    Archive size: 4157 bytes (5 KiB)
    Everything is Ok
    [root@localhost ~]#
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    7zip還可以壓縮、解壓縮其他格式的壓縮包。比如:創建一個.zip格式的壓縮包。

    [root@localhost ~]# 7z a files.zip file{1..4}.txt
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive:
    4 files, 0 bytes
    
    Creating archive: files.zip
    
    Items to compress: 4
    
        
    Files read from disk: 4
    Archive size: 542 bytes (1 KiB)
    Everything is Ok
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    列出壓縮包里面的內容

    列出壓縮包的內容使用l參數:

    [root@localhost ~]# 7z l gpg.7z 
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive for archives:
    1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)
    
    Listing archive: gpg.7z
    
    --
    Path = gpg.7z
    Type = 7z
    Physical Size = 4157
    Headers Size = 278
    Method = LZMA2:12k
    Solid = +
    Blocks = 1
    
       Date      Time    Attr         Size   Compressed  Name
    ------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
    2020-01-04 18:24:05 D....            0            0  .gnupg
    2020-01-04 18:22:36 D....            0            0  .gnupg/private-keys-v1.d
    2020-01-04 18:24:48 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/S.gpg-agent
    2020-01-04 18:22:36 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/pubring.gpg
    2020-01-04 18:24:05 ....A            0            0  .gnupg/secring.gpg
    2020-01-04 18:22:36 ....A         7680         3879  .gnupg/gpg.conf
    2020-01-04 18:24:52 ....A          600               .gnupg/random_seed
    ------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
    2020-01-04 18:24:52               8280         3879  5 files, 2 folders
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    解壓文件

    使用e來解壓文件,解壓所有文件到當前目錄。(不推薦使用)

    [root@localhost test]# 7z e gpg.7z 
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive for archives:
    1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)
    
    Extracting archive: gpg.7z
    --
    Path = gpg.7z
    Type = 7z
    Physical Size = 4157
    Headers Size = 278
    Method = LZMA2:12k
    Solid = +
    Blocks = 1
    
    Everything is Ok
    
    Folders: 2
    Files: 5
    Size:       8280
    Compressed: 4157
    

    可以看到所有文件都解壓到當前目錄了。

    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    現在使用x參數解壓文件看一下。

    [root@localhost test]# 7z x gpg.7z 
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive for archives:
    1 file, 4157 bytes (5 KiB)
    
    Extracting archive: gpg.7z
    --
    Path = gpg.7z
    Type = 7z
    Physical Size = 4157
    Headers Size = 278
    Method = LZMA2:12k
    Solid = +
    Blocks = 1
    
    Everything is Ok
    
    Folders: 2
    Files: 5
    Size:       8280
    Compressed: 4157
    

    可以看到解壓出來的文件,按照原來文件的目錄形式解壓出來的。

    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    更新壓縮包

    一段時間之后,需要將一些新文件添加到文件夾中,并且希望將他們添加到壓縮包里面,可以不用創建一個新的壓縮包,只需要更新現有的壓縮包就可以。

    首先將test目錄壓縮

    [root@localhost test]# 7z a files.7z test/
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive:
    1 folder, 4 files, 0 bytes
    
    Creating archive: files.7z
    
    Items to compress: 5
    
        
    Files read from disk: 0
    Archive size: 158 bytes (1 KiB)
    Everything is Ok
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    在test文件夾中創建幾個文件,然后再更新壓縮包:

    [root@localhost test]# touch test/file{5..10}.txt
    [root@localhost test]# 7z u files.7z test/
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Open archive: files.7z
    --
    Path = files.7z
    Type = 7z
    Physical Size = 158
    Headers Size = 158
    Solid = -
    Blocks = 0
    
    Scanning the drive:
    1 folder, 10 files, 0 bytes
    
    Updating archive: files.7z
    
    Items to compress: 7
    
        
    Files read from disk: 0
    Archive size: 186 bytes (1 KiB)
    Everything is Ok
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    查看一下是否已經添加文件。

    [root@localhost test]# 7z l files.7z 
    
    7-Zip [64] 16.02 : Copyright (c) 1999-2016 Igor Pavlov : 2016-05-21
    p7zip Version 16.02 (locale=en_US.UTF-8,Utf16=on,HugeFiles=on,64 bits,1 CPU Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz (906EA),ASM,AES-NI)
    
    Scanning the drive for archives:
    1 file, 186 bytes (1 KiB)
    
    Listing archive: files.7z
    
    --
    Path = files.7z
    Type = 7z
    Physical Size = 186
    Headers Size = 186
    Solid = -
    Blocks = 0
    
       Date      Time    Attr         Size   Compressed  Name
    ------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 D....            0            0  test
    2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file1.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file10.txt
    2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file2.txt
    2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file3.txt
    2020-03-11 14:18:22 ....A            0            0  test/file4.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file5.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file6.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file7.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file8.txt
    2020-03-11 14:24:54 ....A            0            0  test/file9.txt
    ------------------- ----- ------------ ------------  ------------------------
    2020-03-11 14:24:54                  0            0  10 files, 1 folders
    
    Centos7中使用7zip壓縮工具

    總結

    7z格式的壓縮比例比ZIP格式的壓縮比例高30%-50%。

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